CHAPTER 4 Chapter: The Internet, Computer Ethics & Safety Measures

 

CHAPTER 4

Chapter: The Internet, Computer Ethics & Safety Measures

Internet

1.      The Internet is a worldwide network of millions of computers connected together.

2.      It allows people to share information, communicate, learn, shop, and entertain themselves.

Example:

  • Searching information on Google.
  • Sending an email.
  • Watching educational videos on YouTube.
  • Attending online classes.

2. Advantages of the Internet

The Internet has made our lives easier in many ways.

1. Easy Access to Information

We can search for any information within seconds.

Example: Searching about the Solar System for a school project.

2. Communication

People can communicate instantly through emails, video calls, and messaging apps.

Example: Talking with relatives using WhatsApp or Google Meet.

3. Online Education

Students can attend online classes and learn from educational websites.

Example: Watching science lessons on YouTube.

4. Online Shopping

People can buy products without visiting a market.

Example: Ordering books or clothes online.

5. Online Banking

Money can be transferred quickly and safely.

Example: Paying electricity bills through online banking.

6. Entertainment

The Internet provides games, music, movies, and videos.

Example: Listening to songs on Spotify.

7. Social Networking

People can connect with friends and family.

Example: Using Facebook or Instagram.

8. Online Services

Many government and private services are available online.

Example: Booking railway tickets.

3. What is Computer Ethics?

Computer Ethics means following the moral rules and responsible behaviour while using computers and the Internet.

It teaches us how to use technology safely, honestly, and respectfully.

Examples of Computer Ethics

✔ Respect others' privacy.

✔ Use genuine software.

✔ Do not copy someone else's work.

✔ Use polite language online.

✔ Keep passwords secret.

✔ Respect copyright laws.

4. Unethical Practices

Unethical practices are wrong or illegal activities done using computers and the Internet.

1. Hacking

Meaning: Gaining unauthorized access to another person's computer or account.

Example:
A person breaks into someone's email account without permission.

2. Piracy

Meaning: Copying or using software, movies, music, or games illegally.

Example:
Downloading paid software for free from illegal websites.

3. Plagiarism

Meaning: Copying another person's work and presenting it as your own.

Example:
Copying a project from the Internet without giving credit.

4. Identity Theft

Meaning: Stealing someone's personal information.

Example:
Using another person's bank details or Aadhaar number.

5. Cyberbullying

Meaning: Harassing or insulting someone through the Internet.

Example:
Sending rude messages on social media.

6. Phishing

Meaning: Fake emails or websites that steal personal information.

Example:
Receiving an email asking for your ATM PIN.

7. Spamming

Meaning: Sending unwanted emails or messages repeatedly.

Example:
Receiving advertisements every day from unknown people.

8. Malware Attack

Meaning: Harmful software that damages computers.

Types include:

  • Virus
  • Worm
  • Trojan Horse
  • Ransomware

Example:
Downloading a game that secretly installs a virus.

5. Protection from Unethical Practices

Threat

Protection

Hacking

Use strong passwords and Two-Factor Authentication (2FA).

Virus

Install antivirus software and update it regularly.

Phishing

Never click suspicious links or emails.

Cyberbullying

Block and report the person.

Identity Theft

Never share personal information online.

Piracy

Use only licensed software.

Plagiarism

Write your own work and give proper credit.

Spam

Mark unwanted emails as Spam.

6. Safety Measures While Using the Computer

1. Use Strong Passwords

Use a combination of letters, numbers, and special symbols.

Example: My@School2026

2. Keep Antivirus Updated

Install antivirus software and update it regularly.

3. Lock Your Computer

Always lock your computer when leaving your desk.

4. Take Regular Backups

Save important files on cloud storage or an external drive.

5. Update Software

Install updates for Windows and applications regularly.

6. Do Not Install Unknown Software

Download software only from trusted websites.

7. Scan USB Drives

Always scan pen drives before opening them.

8. Keep Personal Information Safe

Never share passwords, OTPs, or bank details.

7. Safety Measures While Using the Internet

1. Visit Trusted Websites

Open only genuine websites.

Example:

  • https://

2. Never Share Personal Information

Do not share:

  • Passwords
  • OTP
  • Address
  • Phone Number
  • Bank Details

3. Be Careful with Emails

Do not open emails from unknown senders.

4. Avoid Suspicious Links

Never click links that promise free prizes or money.

5. Use Secure Wi-Fi

Avoid using public Wi-Fi for banking or shopping.

6. Think Before Posting

Once something is posted online, it can be difficult to remove.

7. Respect Others

Always use polite language and avoid cyberbullying.

8. Inform Parents or Teachers

Tell a trusted adult if something online makes you uncomfortable.

Do's and Don'ts

Do's ✔

  • Use strong passwords.
  • Update antivirus regularly.
  • Respect others online.
  • Use legal software.
  • Keep your personal information private.
  • Log out after using online accounts.
  • Think before posting online.

Don'ts ✘

  • Don't share your password.
  • Don't talk to strangers online.
  • Don't download unknown files.
  • Don't click suspicious links.
  • Don't copy others' work.
  • Don't bully anyone online.
  • Don't use pirated software.

Key Terms

Term

Meaning

Internet

A worldwide network of computers.

Computer Ethics

Rules for responsible use of computers.

Hacking

Unauthorized access to a computer.

Piracy

Illegal copying of software or media.

Plagiarism

Copying someone else's work.

Phishing

Fake messages to steal information.

Cyberbullying

Harassing someone online.

Spam

Unwanted emails or messages.

Malware

Harmful software that damages computers.

Antivirus

Software that protects computers from viruses.

Quick Revision

  1. The Internet is a worldwide network of computers.
  2. Computer ethics means using computers responsibly and honestly.
  3. Hacking is unauthorized access to a computer.
  4. Piracy means using copyrighted software illegally.
  5. Plagiarism is copying another person's work without permission.
  6. Cyberbullying means harassing people online.
  7. Phishing uses fake emails or websites to steal information.
  8. Use strong passwords and antivirus software to stay safe.
  9. Never share passwords, OTPs, or personal information.
  10. Always use the Internet wisely, safely, and respectfully.

 

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